Warming significantly increases soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, with CO₂ rising by 9.9%, N2O by 17.9%, and CH₄ emissions and uptakes by 10.1% and 7.5%, respectively. These changes could add 30.3 Pg CO2 and 2.3 Pg CO2-equivalent annually under 1°C warming. Biome-specific responses suggest that focusing only on GHG fluxes may overestimate warming’s net impact on the terrestrial carbon budget.